RAJYA SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO-1356
ANSWERED ON- 11/12/2025
ENDORSEMENT OF DIGITAL PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE
1356. SHRI AYODHYA RAMI REDDY ALLA
Will the Minister of EXTERNAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state :-
(a) the manner in which India could translate the G-20’s endorsement of "Digital Public Infrastructure” into a binding, cross-border framework that not only accelerates fintech and health- tech innovations but also embeds robust data-privacy safeguards and equitable access for the Global South;
(b) whether the declaration calls for scaling climate finance from billions to trillions; and
(c) the concrete mechanisms, such as a G-20 climate-bond pool, sovereign-green-currency swaps or a shared risk-guarantee facility, proposed by Government to mobilise private capital while ensuring that the funds reach vulnerable nations without exacerbating debt distress?
ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS
(SHRI PABITRA MARGHERITA)
(a) During the Indian G20 Presidency 2023, the members agreed on the "G20 Framework for Systems of Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)” as a reference for the development, deployment, and governance of DPI. The framework encompasses technology and non-technology elements and lays down suggested principles for development and deployment of DPI systems.
The framework identifies three essential components: (i) technology, referring to interoperable digital systems and applications; (ii) governance, establishing trust through safeguards for privacy including protection of personal data and privacy; and (iii) community participation, enabling innovation and value creation across private sector and civil society. It also outlines suggested principles including inclusivity, interoperability, modularity and extensibility, scalability, security and privacy, and transparency.
Further, the Global DPI Repository (GDPIR) has been developed as a virtual platform for voluntarily sharing of DPI solutions from G20 members and beyond. It facilitates the exchange of practices and experiences in the development and deployment of DPI, including tools and reference materials from different countries. Presently, the repository features 54 DPI solutions from 16 countries.
Additionally, during the G20 Virtual Summit in November 2023, the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India announced the Social Impact Fund (SIF), a government-led multistakeholder initiative intended to accelerate DPI implementation in the Global South. India has also committed an initial contribution of USD 25 million (approximately INR 200 Crore) to the fund, which will provide financial, technical, and non-technical assistance to global south nations for accelerating DPI eco-system.
(b) Yes, the G20 New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration recognised the need for increased global investments to meet our climate goals of the Paris Agreement, and to rapidly and substantially scale up investment and climate finance from billions to trillions of dollars globally from all sources.
(c) During India’s G-20 Presidency, countries acknowledged the critical role of public finance in enabling climate action and in leveraging private investment through blended finance instruments, risk-sharing facilities, and other mechanisms to support both adaptation and mitigation in line with national circumstances. In this context, member countries welcomed the Sustainable Finance Working Group (SFWG) recommendations on timely and adequate mobilisation of climate finance, including scaling up blended finance and risk-sharing facilities with an enhanced role for multilateral development banks (MDBs). They also noted the recommendations aimed at encouraging greater private capital flows for the development and deployment of green and low-carbon technologies, including early-stage technologies. Furthermore, countries emphasized the need to maximize the impact of concessional resources, particularly from multilateral climate funds, to support developing countries in implementing the Paris Agreement.
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